Method of and means for making molds



Dec. 4, 1928. 1,694,130

c. M. MALLORY METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR MAKING MOLDS v Filed July 28, 1926 A: I INVENTOR: 9 Mala/16w A TTORNE Y.

Patented Dec. 4, 1928.

UNITED STATES;

PATENT porr cs.

TO EARL C. MALLORY, OIIE INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR MAKING MoLns.--'

Application filed July 28, 1926. Serial No. 125,544.

This invention relates generally to the subject of mold-making by the use of patterns,

and producing articles in large quantities corresponding to the molds, the inventlon having reference more partlcularly to a method of making sand molds and to meansfor practicing the method.

An object of the invention is to provide a method for rapidly making molds of sand or other suitable substances for cheaply and economically producing castings of metal or other substances, in order to be enabled to market production at low cost.

Another object is to provide an improved method of making sand molds whereby the slow and tedious practice of ramming sand in flasks shall be eliminated; whereby also the use of troublesome separate bottom boards may be obviated and also less sand be required than hitherto commonly used, with a saving of time and labor for recleaniug sand; and whereby the use of troublesmile parting sand may be eliminated. with a saving in expense.

A further. object is to provide a method of making sand molds whereby drag and cope flasks may be used and expeditiously brought together to match mold parts with out entailing the troublesome use of flask pins or dowels usually made use of, and whereby various mold-makingoperations may be fa-,

casting; the invention consisting also further in. a method of using a mold, and in a novel flask and a method of using it, as here-- inafter particularly. described and further defined in the accompanying claims.

Referring to the drawings,Figure ,1 is a perspective view of a two-part flask and a means for controlling it comprised in the invention, being illustrative of feasibility rather than of arbitrary construction; Fig.

2 is a perspective View of the flask having a mold therein made in conformity to the.

invention; Fig. 3 is a-vertical sectional eleration of the mold and pattern therein, the several parts. being ad usted for receiving n'iold-forming substances such as sand;

41 is a top plan of 1 partially broken away to expose details and a modificationof elements; and. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan of other modifications of feasible structural details which may be varied in practically attaining the objects of invention.

Similar reference [characters in the different iiguresof the drawings indicate corresponding elements or features of construction herein referred to in detail.

Various mechanical elements may be made use of in practically carrying out the method comprised in the invention, but for descriptive purposes itis deemed suflicient to illustrate an improved two-part flask having novel features necessary to the attainment of the objects of theinvention to a very high degree, the flask not being limited, however, to two parts, the drag and the cope of the flask being shown.

In practically carrying out the. objects of invention a suitable base-plate 1 is provided which has parallel guide bars 2 and on its top, to guide the parts of a flask, being a convenient means for .the purpose, but a guide may be otherwise constituted. The guide may be in the form ,of the top of a truck having small wheels 4:, 4 at one end thereof and legs 5, 5 at the, opposite end. The end that is supported by the wheels has standards 6, '6 rigid thereon to supportone part of a molding-flask.

In making sand molds for simple castings, I

especially plates, a flask having only a drag and a cope commonly is required and is deemed sulficient forexplanations of the invention. Specifically, the drag comprises wall portions 7, 8, 9, 10, each wall portion sand. while a mold is being-made, to equalize.

pressure and insure uniformly compact sand.

The drag is pro- The bottom be composed of bars 12 that are triangu er in cross-section and arranged with an a ex thereof towards the receiving end of t e drag, the bars being cast with or fixed to the wall portions thereof. The bars are located more or less distant from the receiving endoftthe. drag, depending u on the depth of the mold required, and t ey may be all on one plane or may be arranged otherwise to conform to varyin thicknessfcurvature, or other contour 0 the patternfin order to avoid the use of an excemive quantity of sand. When the drag is sufiicientlylarge to require very lon bars, brace bars 13 and 14 are provided which are fixed to the side walls and aid in supporting the drag bottom. The cope is generally similar to the drag, having wall portions 7, 8, 9', 10, and bevel portion 11, the bottom com osed of bars 12- suitably spaced apart, an braces 13 and 14, the wall portion 7 being movably guided upon the base 1 and between the guide bars 2, 3, so

that the co may be moved accurately to or "from the rag. The cope has a gate box 15, preferably in one corner, and the box has a bottom in which is an aperture 16 to receive a gate-molding pin, commonly termed a sprue in horizontal arrangement, the box 15 being in the higher portion of the cope as arranged when making a mold.

A suitable match-plate 17 is made use of which has a pattern18 secured to one side thereof and in some cases a pattern 19 on its opposite side, the patterns being of such design as may be required. Theinatch-plato is, removably arranged on edge on g the base 1 and preferably extends outwardly over and beyond'the guides 2nd 3, the pattern and its holder being between the two partsofth'e flask when makinga mold, A.

sprue 20 is arranged in the aperture 16 with its smaller end against the pattern or a gate extension thereof and yieldingly held in place by a coilspring 21 seated on its enter end and also against a pivoted bar 22 on thebox 15 or other portion of the cope. Thus when the two parts of the "flask are separated they may receive molding-sand on opposite sides of the pattern. a

In order to confine the sand as it'is piled up between the parts of the flask, suitable boxing sides are provided and adapted for cooperating with the vertical portions of the flask parts, preferably comprising a side plate composed of two sections 23 and 24 secured to one vertical edge portion of the match-platewith guiding contact against the wall portions 8 and 8, andhtgsimilar plate composed of two parts 23 and 24 secured to the opposite edge portion' of the match-plate inguiding' acontact with the wall portions 9 andQ", the side plates being guided also upon the tops of the bars 2 and position when making ready tdintrodnee the sand for themold; The sand is to be introduced into the opening between the higher wall portions 10 and 10 usuallyby means of a shaker 25 having a sieve 26 therem, to be manipulated as may be desired,

a whether by handrortby machinery, but perfixed thereon and in, which a screw 31 is arranged tobe operated by a hand wheel 32 fixed to'the outer end thereof, a head plate 33 being swiveled on the opposite inner end of the screw, the head plate preferably being provided with a lever arm 34 whereby to turn it on the screw. The head plate is any ranged to bear against-the back of the cope, and it has lugs 35 and 36 oppositely arranged on its bearing face and so as to enter lug holes 37 and 38 respectively in the brace bar 13, enabling the screw to draw the cope away from the drag.

InFig. 2 the flask is shown on a floor with a sand mold 339 in the drag supported on the bottom thereof and thematching mold 4:0 in the cope backed by the novel bottom therein, the mold cavity 41 being sorepresented as to receive the molten metal through a gated) which has been provided in sand 43 packed in the box 15. In practicing the -method with the novel means provided, the

several elements being arranged as shown in Figs 1, 3 and 4, sandis introduced simultaneouslyinto the two flask parts at their parting sides on opposite sides of the'lnatchplate andthe pattern and confined in bulk the flask and it has perforations 28 therein, each perforation having a countersink 29 or mass form until the flask parts are filledi to their bot-toms, after which pressure is applied tocompress the sand, by the means illustrated the cope only being moved, caus- "ing the match-plate to be moved towards the drag andthe cope towards it andfinally to the match-plate, the latter being similarlyw moved entirely to the drag, excessive pressure onportions of the sand causing particles to escape through the openings inthe flask bottoms until the density of the sand is sufliciently uniform for making a proper "sand mold.'- After completing the compress- 'ingoperations, the sprue 20 will be found to have been pushed outward further into its box. so that the spring may be removed from it and sand may be packed around it so as i, 'to form a gate after withdrawal of the spine. The pattern and its supporting 3 to"maintaintlre 1iiatcli-plateinfiipttight"hnatch-platoruiskuwithdrawnwith tthe side.-

plates thereon after separating the flask parts, and the flask parts are brought together so as to complete the mold, afterv which the truck may be tilted up and the flask may be readily removed therefrom and placed upon. a floor ready for pouring metal into the mold. After a casting has been made and the sand knocked out of the flask parts the quantity of sand to be recleaned for further use will be found to be much less than hitherto.

Vhat is claimed as new is:

1. The method of making sand molds which consists in compactly pressing sand to opposite sides of a pattern and simultaneously discarding surplusage sand from the back of the molds.

2. The method of making sand molds which consists in supporting a pattern betwen sparated flask parts, in simultaneously pressing sand in the flask parts and discarding surplusage sand and thereby causing uniform density of sand on the pattern.

3. A method of making molds by conflning a bulk of mold-forming substance about a treely-shiftable pattern, forcibly bringing flask parts into the bulk of the substance and thereby filling the flask parts and pressing the substance compactly with equalized pressure to the pattern by discarding surplusage substance, and in removing the pattern from the substance.

4. A method of making molds which consists in supporting a pattern to freely shift between two flask parts, introducing a moldforming substance simultaneously to opposite sides of the pattern and into the flask parts at the sides that are towards the pat tern, in confining the substance between the flask parts, creating pressure on the substance by means of the flask parts, discarding surplusage substance, compactly press-- ing the substance to the pattern, and finally removing the pattern from the substance.

5. A method of making molds which consists in setting up a pattern edgewise on a match-plate to shift between separated movably guided flask parts, each flask part being adapted to equalize sand-pressure therein, applying mold-forming material simultaneously to the two opposite sides of the matchplate and simultaneously to the interior of the flask parts, creating equalized pressure on the material by discarding surplusage material by means of the flask parts and simultaneously pressing the material about the pattern by forcing the flask parts together, and finally removing the pattern with the match-plate from the material.

6. The method of making a sand mold which consists in simultaneously filling the drag and the cope of a flask while separated and applying the sand to a pattern on a match-plate shiftably guided between them, confining the sand, in compressing the consists in arranging a flask drag and a cope part on a guide with the sand-receiving ends of the flask parts adjacently arranged and one of the parts movably guided to be shifted towards or from the other, the method including the use of flask parts provided with permanent perforate sand-discarding pressureequalizing bottoms, in arranging a pat-- tern fixed to a match-plate movably between the drag and the cope, in filling the drag and the cope with sand at their match-plate sides I and on opposite sides of the pattern, in confining the sand to the pattern, in compressing the sand uniformly by forcing the movable flask part towards the-opposite part, thereby causing surplus sand to be discarded through said bottoms, inwithdrawing the movable flask part away from the other part and removingthe pattern with the matchplate from place, and in guiding and shitt: ing the movable part to the other part of the flask.

8. Means for making sand molds including a flask part comprising wall portions, and a permanent bottom comprising pressure equalizer bars fixedly connected in parallel arrangement to opposite wall portions, the bars being spaced only slightly apart, each bar being triangular in crosssection and an apex thereof presented towards the plane of the normally front side of the flask part.

9. Means for making sand molds including a flask part provided therein with a permanent pressure equalizer bottom to support sand in the flask part and having tapered apertures mainly to retain the sand and adapted for the escape of surplusage sand, means to temporarily support a pattern at a distance from the front of the flask part and opposite to the pressure equalizer bottom, means to confine the sand to the pattern, and means to press the pattern into sand in the flask part and to compress the sand.

10. Means for making sand molds including two co-operating pressure-equalizing flask parts having wall portions adapted to be directly supported and guided to movably sucpport the flask parts with their parting si es on approximately vertical planes for simultaneously receiving molding sand, a match-plate to movably support a pattern between the flask parts separately therefrom, and means to movably co-operate with theflask parts to confine sand in space between the flask parts and on the opposite sidesof the matchplate.

J 11. Means for making sand molds includ (ing two co-operating flask parts provided each with a perforate pressure-equalizlng and sand-supporting bottom, one of the flask parts havin a sprue pin support therein, the flasks having guiding' wall portions adapted to be directly supported and guided with the parting sides of the flasks to-and-fro horizontal movements, means to support a pattern shiftably between the flask parts when separated to receive sand simuL taneously'at the parting sides of the parts,

means to movably co-operate with the two flask parts to confine sand between the separated flask parts and aboutthe pattern, and power means to force one? ofthe twoflask parts towards the other. 1

supporting and movably guiding the flask parts with their parting sides oppositely facing a vertical plane, means to support a pattern between the flask parts, a sprue pin to be horizontally arranged in one of the flask parts and being provided with a spring ro-operating with the flask part to yieldingly hold the pin to the pattern, means to confine sand to theparting sides of'the flask. parts, and means to force the flask part with the sprue pin therein towards the pattern; and the other of the flask parts.

14. Means for making sand molds including a flask having a drag part and a cope; part provided each with an inset bottom having apertures therein to constitute a sand pressure equalizer and backing, a guiding, base for the flask parts to support them with their parting sides arranged on opposite sides of an approximately vertical plane, means to support a pattern between thedrag 1 part and the cope part, means to introdnee sand to the two flaskparts at their parting sides, and means to force one of the flask parts towards the other and compress the sand with the pattern therein.

15. In means for-making sand molds, the combination of a drag and a cope provided each with a pressureequalizing bottom, means to bodily support the drag and the cope in co-operati've to-and-fro sliding air rangement with their parting sides perpendicular tothe support, a pattern and means to bodily support it movably between the drag and the cape separately therefrom,

means to sift sand into" space'betweenthe} 13. Means fol-making sand moldsinzludmg two co-operating flask parts, means for drag and the'cope andsimultaneously about the pattern, means to co-operate slidably With the drag and the eop'e to confine the; sand at the parting sides of the drag and the cope, and power means for pressing the sand simultaneously to the pattern and in the parting sides of the dragandthe cope.

jIn testimony whereof, I afiix my signatureon the th day of July,;1926.

CHARLES MARTIN MALLORYY 

